Pressure indicia transfer sheeting and method of producing same



United States Patent Of 3,282,709 PRESSURE INDICIA TRANSFER SHEETING AND METHOD OF PRODUCING SAME 1 Gerry H. Ehrhardt, West Des Moines, and Robert R. Wissinger, Des Moines, Iowa, assiguors, by mesne assignments, to Pacific Industries, Inc., New York, N.Y., a corporation of California No Drawing. Filed Mar. 1, 1962, Ser. No. 176,792

3 Claims. (Cl. 106-27) This invention relates to pressure indicia transfer sheeting and more particularly to a carbon paper composition suitable for pressure operative duplicating media.

The use of carbon paper for producing duplicate copies is old. The heretofore method of manufacturing carbon paper usually consisted of imposing on a sheet of paper a composition consisting of approximately 22% montan Wax, 5% paraffin wax, carbon black, china clay and 38% mineral oil. Such carbon sheets however have many objectionable characteristics. Firstly, they tend to smudge any object coming into contact with them. Secondly, the matter on the sheets has poor release qualities. Thirdly, and most important, they produce undesirable offset markings or ghosts especially on all multi-copies after the second or third copy. Also the copy produced is easily smeared.

Therefore, one of the principal objects of our invention is to provide a carbon paper composition that when used with suitable pressure operative duplicating media will produce in a single run a great number of sharply defined copies.

A further object of this inventionis to provide a pressure indicia transfer sheeting that resists smudging and smearing both as to its own character and that of the character of the produced copy or copies.

A still further object of this invention is to provide a carbon copy paper that will not produce objectionable extra offsetting marks when several copies are made.

A still further object of this invention is to provide a I carbon paper that has superior manifolding, intensity, and

smear resistant properties than carbon paper herebefore.

A still further object of this invention is to produce a coating for pressure transfer sheets that is not tacky, is greaseless but is of a high release factor when in use.

Still further objects of our invention are to provide a carbon paper that is economical in manufacture and does not objectionably dry out during transportation and/or storage.

These and other objects Will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

As herebefore indicated this invention was prompted by experimentation to eliminate the ghosting or offsetting of objectionable impressions on the copies produced. What is meant by offsettings is the transferring of matter on areas surrounding the actual character strokes. Usually the fourth and following copies from a typewriter or like will have a dark rectangular block impression surrounding each typed word. Obviously, this objectionable blocking or framing of typed words greatly reduces their legibility. This is the reason that with ordinary carbon paper the number of possible copies is very limited. Due to the almost complete release of our composition, we are able to produce from two to four times as many sharp copies as is possible from herebefore type carbon paper.

We accomplish our desired results by discarding most of the usual ingredients herebefore recited and substitute therefor a quantity of fatty acids, metallic soaps and carbon black.

3,282,709 Patented Nov. 1, 1966 An acceptable formula of our composition by weight, is as follows:

Percent Stearic acid 73 Mineral oil 15 Acrawax 4 Carbon black 5 Aluminum stearate 3 Hystrene:

97 stearic) 45 (triple pressed stearic acid) 30 (70% pal-mitic) Industrene:

12-88 (hydroxy stearic) 255 (hydroxy fish oil fatty acid) 262 (hydroxy fatty acid) 158 (hydroxy tallow fatty acid) B (hydroxy mixed fatty acid) Neofat:

10 (capric acid) 12 (lauric acid) 14 (myristic acid) 280 (capric 40%-myristic acid 60%) 16 (palminate acid) 16-54 (eutectic 'palminate stearic acid) Unsaturated fatty acids Neofat:

55 (distilled palm) 65 (distilled animal acid) Industrene:

240 (distilled cotton fatty acid) 232 (distilled corn "soya type fatty acid) 239 (distilled coconut fatty acid) Glycer'ia'es Neustrene:

045 hydroxy fish glycerides 059 hydroxy tallow glycerides O64'hydroxy soya glycerides '072 hydroxy castor glycerides Fatty acid derivatives Nitrogen:

Amide S stearamide Amide W oleamide Amide SA olea stearamide Amide B behenamide Amide P palmitamide Tall oil:

Tall fatty acid Esters:

Metholene- 2205 methyl stearate-palmitate 2495 methyl myristate 2216 methyl palmitate 2218 methyl stearates A small percentage of a high melting point wax can be used to promote better flow of the inks and vary the setting time of the inks. Examples of these waxes are:

WAXES Vegetable Carnauba Ouricury Candelillia Petroleum Parafiin Wax Mineral Montan Synthetic:

Acrawax Castorwax Oxidized microcrystalline The amount and type of plasticizing oils varies accord- ,ing to the desired characteristics of the coating. The

plasticizing oil constituent is comprised of substantially non-volatile, non-drying, liquid which is compatible with the fatty acid constituent. Examples of these plasticizing oils are {fatty acids, ester, animal, vegetable and mineral oils. Examples of these types are:

METALLIC SOAPS Aluminum stearate Calcium stearate Potassium stearate Aluminum palmitate Lithium stearate Zinc stearate Zinc palmitate 'I he coloring matter that may be included in the transfer coating composition maybe dyes, pigments or combination of dyes and pigments. In general, the pigment and toners will comprise from 545% of the composition.

The coating of this compositon isattained by the hot melt system like that used'sfor the common wax type coatings. These inks would also prove to be very valuable in use with electrostatic coatings.

Range Suggested Formula Saturated and unsaturated fatty acid and their derivatives 50-95 73 Waxes -20 Plaetir-ivers. 5-30 Metallic Soaps 0-10 Pigments, Dyes and Fillers 525 5 'From the foregoing it will be appreciated that the formula first 'given may be changed as to percent and also by substitutes. A second acceptable formula would be, by weight, as follows:

The composition is heated in the usual manner of making carbon paper and then applied to the carrier paper. After cooled and dried, our new carbon paper may be successfully use-d for any purpose where copies are required. Our carbon paper will produce a great number of copies, each of which will have sharp clear character strokes and without objectionable offset markings.

Some changes may be made in the construction and arrangement of our Pressure Indici-a Transfer Sheeting and Method of Producing Same without departing from the real spirit and purpose of our invention, and it is our intention to cover by our claims, any modified forms of structure or use of mechanical equivalents which may be reasonably included within their scope.

We claim:

1. A transfer composition [for copy paper, comprising, by weight, approximately (a) seventy-three percent stearic acid,

(b) fifteen percent mineral oil,

(c) four percent wax,

('d) five percent carbon black, and

(e) three percent aluminum stearate.

2. A transfer compositon for-copy paper, comprising, by weight, approximately (a) seventy-three. percent of a fatty acid,

(b) fifteen per-cent of an oil,

(0) four percent of a wax,

(d) five percent of a coloring agent, and

(c) three percent of a metallic soap.

3. As a new article of manufacture, comprising,

a carrier sheet, and

.a composition coating on said sheet;

said composition coating comprising, by weight approximately seventy-three percent of a fatty acid,

fifteen percent of an oil, four percent of a wax, five percent of a coloring agent, and three percent of a metallic soap.

References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,338,042 12/1943 Kline l0632 2,427,255 r 9/ 1947 Burrell 106-26 8 2,751,310 6/1956 Kline et al. 10627 3,088,028 4/ 1963* Newman l17--36.2

ALEXANDER H. B'RODMERKEL, Primary Examiner.

JOSEPH R-EB'OLD, MORRIS LIEBMAN, Examiners.

1;; J. CARSON, J. B.-EVANS, Assistant Examiners. 

1. A TRANSFER COMPOSITION FOR COPY PAPER, COMPRISING, BY WEIGHT, APPROXIMATELY (A) SEVENTY-THREE PERCENT STEARIC ACID, (B) FIFTEEN PERCENT MINERAL OIL, (C) FOUR PERCENT WAX, (D) FIVE PERCENT CARBON BLACK, AND (E) THREE PERCENT ALUMINUM STEARATE. 